civil service exam( IAS) 2007

Important geographical facts for civil exam (IAS)2007
1..Nile river comprises White and Blue Nile meet at Khartoum to from Nile.it has length 6670 km.it gets 60 percent of its water from Ethiopia Plateau.its gradient is very low.it has 250 km arcuate type of delta, composed of course sediments,such as sand and gravel .it has triangular shape.on account of the construction of Aswan Dam in Egypt very little water reaches the Mediterranean Sea.
2.Carpthian and Balkan mountains together from a great double horse shoe are that cradles the Hungarian and Walachian plains.
3.Hampi is a world heritage site. This archeological site contains remains of Vijay Nagar empire. Virupaksha temple and Hazara Ram temple are notable among them.A large number of Mandapas known as Kalyanmandap, Ararikul mandap, and Numkul mandap have been excavated.
4..Artesian wells are those in which the water automatically flows to the surface.the wells of this type was dug in Artois Province of France and therefore they called as artesian walls.they are found in several arid and semi arid areas in the world , especially where a basin-like structure lies along the side of a hill where rainwater percolates down and collects in adequate quantities in the previous layer.The most extensive artesian basin is found in Australia.there is an area of over 5 square miles ,which is characterized with aquifer sandstone below the impervious surface layer.
5..Gulf Stream is the largest and strongest current system in the North Atlantic ocean.This originates in the Gulf of Mexico around 20 degree N and moves in a north-easterly direction along the eastern coast of North America..Near Newfoundland its water mixes with that of the cold water current of Labrador which results in the formation of dense fog.The warm water of gulf stream modifies the weather condition of the eastern coast of U.S.A and Canada and the western Europe.
6.Stromboli volcano is on the island of stromboli off north Sicily.it is example of composite cone.it is known as the Light House Of The Mediterranean.in this volcano explosions are more common and more fragmental material is ejected.
7.Sravasti on the borders of the Gonda and Bahraich districts was the capital of Kosala King.it was a famous trade centre in ancient time.Buddha and Mahavira visited this place.it was a well recognised centre of Buddhism and was visited bu Fahien and Hieun Tsang.
8.Bamiyan city lay at the foot of the hindukush mountain in Afganistan.it is important pass which connect the Kabul valley with Balkh.it has distinction of processing the tallest Buddha statue cut out of a rock in the early centuries of chrisitian era.now statue was destroyed by Taliban.
9.Haldia is a new port , which developed on the river Hooghly to relieve Calcutta port.it is also site of oil refinery.
10.Laterite soil is a result of intense leaching due to heavy tropical rains with alternate wet and dry seasons.it is more acidic due to presence of Al and Fe.it is deficient in nitrogen , potash,magnesium and phosphoric acid.it is found tropical humid areas where rainfall is more than 200 cm., e.g. Western ghats, Karnatka,Tamil nadu, Chotanagpur Plateau and slopes of northen eastern states.